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Development of CNC Machine Tools

Compared with the traditional processing mode, CNC machine tools are built on the premise of automatic numerical control technology. Therefore, it can be known that this technology helps to eliminate the excessively high industrial cost from the root, and also improves the effectiveness of CNC production. It can be seen that industrial robots are suitable for industrial control production under the new situation, especially for CNC machine tools [1]. This is because the machine tool operation mode assisted by industrial robots has more obvious simplicity and stability, and can produce real-time production for various types of numerical control products. At the same time, the new CNC machine tool is also conducive to expanding the production capacity of the entire machine tool and making all-round adjustments to the industrial structure, thus reducing the difficulty of operation in the CNC process.

1. The feasibility of using industrial robots on CNC machine tools

CNC machine tools are used in industrial production under the new situation. This measure helps to eliminate the excessively high industrial cost from the root, and also improves the effectiveness of the entire process in an all-round way. Among them, industrial robots embody a very distinct value. In the various operations of CNC machine tools, if industrial robots can be used, it can reflect a higher level of flexible processing, and at the same time shorten the time consumed by industrial processing to a large extent [2]. Specifically, CNC machine tools can be applied to industrial robots that are automatically controlled. This measure is manifested in the following feasibility:

Industrial robots have stronger flexibility and higher processing precision. From the perspective of processing capability, industrial control robots can automatically compensate for errors, thus embodying the basic technical characteristics of error compensation. In addition to automatic error compensation, industrial robots also have better flexibility characteristics. This is because, for different types of workpieces, industrial robots can choose corresponding fixtures and other production facilities. When necessary, precise adjustments should be made to the angle of the machine tool to ensure compliance with the most fundamental precision indicators. In addition, industrial robots conform to a higher level of automation, so overall they exhibit stronger automated processing performance. From the user’s point of view, the user only needs to perform the corresponding equipment maintenance. Specifically, when manipulating the machine tool, users only need to follow a specific process to complete the button operation, and they can achieve high-integrity machine tool processing.

2. Specific technology application

With the update and improvement of numerical control technology, numerical control robots are characterized by higher intelligence and flexibility as a whole. This trend is objectively helpful to improve the automatic control performance of robots. In the current state, many CNC robots are characterized by stronger intelligence, so they are more suitable for use in the current stage of CNC machining. Specifically, the process and method of using industrial robots for CNC machine tools at this stage should include the following:

(1) Basic operation process

Specifically, during operation, the industrial robot should be connected to the CNC machine tool, and the information identification and data exchange of the whole process can be completed under the premise of the connection between the two. It can be seen that industrial robots can achieve full-scale production control with the help of a separate I/O interface. The CNC machine tool itself is equipped with a protective door, which can be opened automatically. However, only when the spindle is in a stationary state and the grippers are fully opened, the robot can complete the corresponding part loading and unloading operations. On the basis of the machine tool being ready, pay close attention to the alarm and emergency stop of the whole machine tool.

After the technicians are ready, the system will send real-time loading or unloading information, and then the machine tool will enter the corresponding control and processing process. Therefore, it can be known that the above-mentioned process cannot lack a safety interlock mechanism. The entire operation control is realized according to the PLC process, and the robot is equipped with the NC operation process, so it is helpful to prevent and control sudden safety failures and ensure the safety of the machine tool itself.

(2) Examples of CNC machining

Specifically, when carrying out the relevant operations of NC machining, the flange end face of the rear axle of the automobile was selected as the experimental object, and the end face hole of the shaft part was also used for NC machining. In this processing, the CNC machining center is designed as a horizontal double-sided structure, and the principle of modularization is introduced in the process of machine tool design. For CNC machining, it can be divided into tool magazine part, fixture part and independent unit. In each of the above-mentioned modules, the processing unit is located on the left and right respectively, the Z coordinate can move left and right, the abscissa is responsible for completing the feed operation, and the ordinate is responsible for moving the spindle box up and down, so as to realize the corresponding feed operate. In addition, fixed clamps are mounted on separate intermediate unit locations. The structure of the entire machining center is designed as a split-type basic structure, and the bearing can rotate up and down. This design mode conforms to the basic characteristics of camber and rear axle.

After the CNC machine tool enters the processing process, the industrial robot can be used as a necessary facility for handling the upper and lower workpieces. Among them, industrial robots specifically include actuators, devices for detecting workpieces, devices driven by machine tools, machine tool control systems and other related devices. In each link of loading and unloading, the machine tool can combine specific beats to complete the corresponding movement. This is because the technician has already stored the PLC program in the system that controls the robot. Under the premise of completing the storage, the entire robot can change the speed and range of motion of loading and unloading at any time. The machine tool itself should be arranged independently, with each process having its own characteristics.

(3) Improve logic control

If the CNC machine tool wants to successfully complete the whole process of movement, then the close cooperation between the machine tool and the robot is indispensable. This is because the unloading process and processing process can be closely monitored only when the CNC machine tool realizes close cooperation with the robot. Therefore, after analysis, it can be seen that once the technician finishes the above-mentioned entire operation process, he can open the protective door in the system. Correspondingly, if the protective door in the system is to be closed, it is necessary to wait for the closing command to be issued and complete the interaction process between the robot and the machine tool. In a real machining operation, the above process takes about four seconds. Therefore, it can be seen that industrial robots help to shorten the time consumed by bearing reset and bearing movement, and can also comprehensively shorten the non-cutting time of the entire process.

However, it should not be overlooked that even with the most sophisticated internal structure, industrial robots may fail when encountering special conditions. In order to prevent sudden machine tool downtime, technicians can choose to install the button for manual mode and robot automatic switching on a certain position of the machine tool. Once the system falls into a sudden emergency, it must immediately switch to the manual mode, and the operator is responsible for controlling the pause or start of the entire machine tool. If the system is in the above state, it is necessary to urgently suspend the operation of various actions of the robot, so as to protect the safety of the operator itself.

With technological progress and economic development, CNC technology has gradually been recognized and accepted by more industries. In this case, CNC machine tools are also more used in industrial production at this stage. In recent years, industrial robots closely related to CNC machine tools have shown a trend of intelligence and miniaturization, and more companies have gradually realized the necessity of using automated robots for CNC machine tools. However, up to now, the control technology of industrial robots closely related to the production of CNC machine tools is still lacking in perfection, and it is urgent to make all-round improvements. In the future, in industrial practice, technicians still need to continue to explore, choose appropriate NC operation measures according to local conditions and serve the improvement of the effectiveness of the entire NC production.

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